Bishyushye kugurisha C14 kugeza kuri C15 uruganda rwamashanyarazi
Imiterere yumurongo wumurongo
Imiterere y'umugozi w'amashanyarazi ntabwo igoye cyane, ariko ntubone gusa unyuze hejuru. Niba wiga neza umugozi w'amashanyarazi, ahantu hamwe haracyakenewe kuba abahanga kugirango wumve imiterere y'umugozi w'amashanyarazi.
Imiterere yumurongo wamashanyarazi ahanini ikubiyemo icyuma cyo hanze, icyuma cyimbere nuyobora. Imiyoboro isanzwe ikwirakwiza harimo insinga z'umuringa na aluminium.
Urupapuro rwo hanze
Icyatsi cyo hanze, kizwi kandi nk'icyuma gikingira, ni igice cyo hejuru cy'icyuma cy'umurongo w'amashanyarazi. Uru rupapuro rwimbere rufite uruhare rwo kurinda umurongo wamashanyarazi. Icyatsi cyo hanze gifite imiterere ikomeye, nko kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kurwanya ubushyuhe buke, kurwanya urumuri rusanzwe, imikorere myiza yumuyaga, ubuzima bwiza bwa serivisi, kurengera ibidukikije nibindi.
Urupapuro rwimbere
Icyatsi cy'imbere, kizwi kandi nk'icyuma gikingira, ni igice cy'ingirakamaro hagati y'umurongo w'amashanyarazi. Nkuko izina ribigaragaza, imikoreshereze yingenzi yicyatsi ni insulasiyo kugirango harebwe ingufu z'umutekano wumurongo wamashanyarazi, kugirango hatabaho kumeneka hagati yumuringa wumuringa numwuka, kandi ibikoresho byicyuma gikingira bigomba kuba byoroshye kwemeza ko ishobora gushirwa neza murwego rwagati.
Umugozi wumuringa
Umugozi wumuringa nigice cyibanze cyumurongo wamashanyarazi. Umugozi wumuringa ahanini utwara amashanyarazi na voltage. Ubucucike bw'insinga z'umuringa bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ubwiza bw'umurongo w'amashanyarazi. Ibikoresho by'umugozi w'amashanyarazi nabyo ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kugenzura ubuziranenge, kandi ubwinshi n'imiterere y'insinga z'umuringa nabyo birasuzumwa.
Urupapuro rwimbere
Urupapuro rwimbere ni urwego rwibikoresho bizenguruka umugozi hagati yikingira ningingo ya wire. Mubisanzwe ni polyvinyl chloride plastike cyangwa plastike ya polyethylene. Hariho kandi umwotsi muke halogen idafite ibikoresho. Koresha ukurikije amabwiriza yimikorere, kugirango igipande gikingira kitazahura namazi, umwuka cyangwa ibindi bintu, kugirango wirinde ubushuhe nubukanishi bwangirika kurwego.
Imikorere y'umurongo w'amashanyarazi
Nubwo umugozi w'amashanyarazi ari ibikoresho gusa byo murugo, bigira uruhare runini mugukoresha ibikoresho byo murugo. Niba umugozi w'amashanyarazi ucitse, ibikoresho byose ntibikora. Bvv2 igomba gukoreshwa nkumugozi wurugo × 2.5 na bvv2 × 1.5 ubwoko bwinsinga. BVV ni code yigihugu isanzwe, ikaba ari insinga zometseho umuringa, 2 × 2.5 na 2 × 1.5 zerekana 2-core 2,5 mm2 na 2-core 1.5 mm2. Muri rusange, 2 × 2.5 umurongo wingenzi numurongo wibiti × 1.5 gukora umurongo umwe wamashanyarazi wumurongo wumurongo. Bvv2 kumurongo umwe woguhumeka umurongo wihariye × 4. Umugozi wubutaka udasanzwe ugomba gutangwa byongeye.
Gukora inzira yumurongo wamashanyarazi
Imirongo y'amashanyarazi ikorwa buri munsi. Imirongo y'amashanyarazi ikenera metero zirenga 100000 kumunsi hamwe n'amacomeka 50000. Hamwe namakuru nkaya, inzira yumusaruro igomba kuba ihamye kandi ikuze. Nyuma yubushakashatsi bukomeje nubushakashatsi no kwemezwa n’urwego rw’ibihugu by’i Burayi rwa VDE rwemeza, urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe kwemeza CCC, urwego rw’abanyamerika UL rwemeza, urwego rw’abashinzwe kwemeza BS mu Bwongereza hamwe n’urwego rwa Ositarariya rwemeza SAA, icyuma cy’amashanyarazi kirakuze. Dore intangiriro ngufi:
1. Umurongo wumurongo wumuringa na aluminiyumu gushushanya insinga imwe
Inkoni z'umuringa na aluminiyumu zikoreshwa cyane ku murongo w'amashanyarazi zigomba kunyura mu mwobo umwe cyangwa nyinshi zipfa gushushanya zipfa gukoresha imashini ishushanya insinga ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba, kugira ngo igabanye igice, yongere uburebure kandi itezimbere imbaraga. Gushushanya insinga nuburyo bwambere bwibigo byinsinga ninsinga, kandi inzira yibanze yo gushushanya insinga ni tekinoroji ihuye.
2. Umugozi umwe uhuza umurongo w'amashanyarazi
Iyo umuringa wa aluminium na aluminiyumu ushyutswe ku bushyuhe runaka, rerystallisation ikoreshwa mugutezimbere ubukana bwa monofilaments no kugabanya imbaraga za monofilaments, kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa insinga ninsinga kubikoresho bya kanseri. Urufunguzo rwibikorwa ni ugukuraho okiside yumuringa wumuringa
3. Guhagarika umurongo w'amashanyarazi
Kugirango tunonosore umurongo wumurongo wamashanyarazi no koroshya gushyira igikoresho, intsinga yinsinga ikora ihindagurika ninsinga nyinshi. Uhereye ku buryo bwo gutondekanya uburyo bwa kiyobora, birashobora kugabanywa muburyo busanzwe no guhagarara bidasanzwe. Kuzunguruka bidasanzwe bigabanijwemo imigozi ya bundle, guhuza ibice byuzuzanya, guhuza bidasanzwe, n'ibindi. Kugirango ugabanye agace kayobowe nuyobora kandi ugabanye ubunini bwa geometrike yumurongo wamashanyarazi, uburyo bwo gukanda nabwo bwakoreshejwe murwego rwumuyoboro uhagaze, kugirango uruziga ruzwi cyane rushobora guhindurwamo uruziga, rumeze nkumufana, tile ishusho kandi ikanda cyane. Ubu bwoko bwa kiyobora bukoreshwa cyane cyane kumurongo w'amashanyarazi.
4. Gukuramo umurongo w'amashanyarazi
Umugozi w'amashanyarazi wa pulasitike ahanini wifashisha urwego rukomeye. Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya tekinike yo gukuramo plastike ni ibi bikurikira:
1) Kubogama: kubogama kwagaciro k'ubushuhe bwakuweho ni ikimenyetso nyamukuru cyo kwerekana urwego rwo gukuramo. Ibyinshi mubicuruzwa byubatswe nubunini bwabyo bifite amategeko asobanutse mubisobanuro.
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3) Kwiyunvira: igice cyambukiranya igice cyakuweho kigomba kuba cyinshi kandi gikomeye, nta mwobo winshinge ugaragara mumaso kandi nta bubyimba.
5. Amashanyarazi
Kumurongo wamashanyarazi menshi, kugirango tumenye urwego rwo kugabanuka no kugabanya imiterere yumurongo wamashanyarazi, mubisanzwe birasabwa kubigoreka muruziga. Uburyo bwo guhagarara busa nubwa kondora iyobora, kubera ko umurambararo wa diametre yikurikiranya ari nini, kandi benshi muribo bakoresha uburyo bwo kudapfundura. Ibisabwa bya tekiniki kugirango habeho insinga: icya mbere, kurandura kugoreka umugozi uterwa no guhinduranya ingirabuzimafatizo yihariye; Iya kabiri ni ukwirinda gushushanya urwego.
Intsinga nyinshi zirangizwa no kurangiza izindi nzira ebyiri: imwe iruzura, iremeza ko izenguruka kandi idahinduka insinga nyuma yo kurangiza insinga; Imwe irahuza kugirango umenye neza ko insinga ya kabili idafunguye.
6. Urupapuro rwimbere rwumurongo wamashanyarazi
Kugirango urinde insinga zidafite insinga zangiritse nintwaro, birakenewe kubungabunga neza urwego rwimikorere. Igice cyo gukingira imbere kigabanyijemo ibice byo gukingira imbere (kwigunga) no kuzinga imbere kurinda (cushion). Gupfunyika umusego aho guhambira umukandara bigomba gukorwa icyarimwe hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora insinga.
7. Intwaro z'umugozi
Bishyizwe kumurongo wumurongo wubutaka, umurimo urashobora kwemera byanze bikunze ingaruka nziza yumuvuduko, kandi ibyuma byimbere byimbere birashobora gutoranywa. Iyo umurongo w'amashanyarazi ushyizwe ahantu hamwe ningaruka zumuvuduko mwiza ningaruka zikomeye (nkamazi, uruzitiro ruhagaze cyangwa igitaka gifite igitonyanga kinini), hazatoranywa ubwoko bwimiterere hamwe nintwaro zicyuma imbere.
8. Urupapuro rwo hanze rwumurongo wamashanyarazi
Icyatsi cyo hanze nigice cyimiterere yumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wamashanyarazi kugirango wirinde kwangirika kw ibidukikije. Ingaruka yibanze yicyatsi cyo hanze nukuzamura imbaraga zumurongo wumurongo wamashanyarazi, gukumira isuri yimiti, ubushuhe, kwibiza mumazi, gukumira umuriro wumuriro nibindi. Ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye byumurongo wamashanyarazi, icyatsi cya plastiki kigomba gusohorwa muburyo butaziguye na extruder.
Ubwoko busanzwe bwumugozi
Umuyoboro rusange wa rubber
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2. Gushiraho ibihe nuburyo: kurambura imbere mu nzu, umuyoboro wumuyoboro, umuyoboro urambitse kurukuta cyangwa hejuru; Gushyira hanze hejuru, gushira mu cyuma cyangwa umuyoboro wa pulasitike, gushyira ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bya radiyo birashyirwaho; Umugozi w'amashanyarazi ushyushye urashobora gushyingurwa mubutaka.
3. Ibisabwa muri rusange: ubukungu kandi burambye, imiterere yoroshye.
4. Ibisabwa bidasanzwe:
1) Iyo urambitse hanze, bitewe nurumuri rwizuba, imvura, ubukonje nibindi bihe, birasabwa kwihanganira ikirere, cyane cyane gusaza kwizuba; Ibisabwa birwanya ubukonje ahantu hakonje cyane;
2) Iyo ikoreshwa, biroroshye kwangirika cyangwa gutwikwa nimbaraga zo hanze, kandi igomba gushyirwa mumiyoboro mugihe habaye imikoranire myinshi namavuta; Iyo uhuza umuyoboro, umurongo w'amashanyarazi urashobora guhangayikishwa cyane kandi ushobora gutoborwa, bityo hagomba gufatwa ingamba zo gusiga;
3) Kugirango ukoreshe imbere ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, mugihe imyanya yo kwishyiriraho ari nto, igomba kuba ihindagurika, kandi gutandukanya amabara yibikoresho byinsinga byateganijwe bisobanutse neza. Bizahuzwa nibihuza bihuza hamwe n'amacomeka kugirango ihuze ryoroshye kandi ryizewe; Mubihe bifite anti-electronique isabwa, imirongo yumuriro ikingiwe izakoreshwa;
4) Mubihe bifite ubushyuhe bukabije bwibidukikije, hazakoreshwa umugozi wamashanyarazi; Koresha umugozi wihanganira reberi amashanyarazi mugihe cyihariye cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
5. Imiterere yimiterere
. Abayobora mugushiraho guteganijwe muri rusange bafata icyiciro cya 1 cyangwa icyiciro cya 2 imiterere yubuyobozi.
. Umurongo w'amashanyarazi urwanya ubushyuhe ukoresha PVC hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwa 90 ℃.
3. Sheath: hari ubwoko butanu bwibikoresho byicyatsi: PVC, PVC irwanya ubukonje, PVC irwanya ibimonyo, polyethylene yumukara na rubber ya neoprene.
Imirongo y'amashanyarazi yirabura ya polyethylene na neoprene igomba gutoranywa kugirango irwanye ubukonje budasanzwe no gushyira hanze hejuru.
Mubidukikije byimbaraga zo hanze, kwangirika nubushuhe, umugozi wamashanyarazi hamwe na reberi cyangwa icyatsi cya plastiki urashobora gukoreshwa.
Rubber plastike yoroheje
1. Ingano yo gusaba: ikoreshwa cyane cyane muguhuza ibikoresho bigendanwa byoroheje kandi byoroheje (ibikoresho byo murugo, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, nibindi), ibikoresho na metero no gucana amashanyarazi; Umuvuduko wakazi ni AC 750V no munsi, kandi inyinshi murizo AC 300C.
2. Kuberako ibicuruzwa bigomba kwimuka, kugoreka no kugoreka kenshi mugihe cyo gukoresha, umugozi wamashanyarazi urasabwa kuba woroshye, uhagaze mumiterere, ntibyoroshye kink, kandi ufite kwihanganira kwambara; Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wa pulasitike ushyizwe mu butaka urashobora gushyingurwa mu butaka.
3. Umugozi wubutaka ufata insinga zumuhondo nicyatsi kibisi amabara abiri, naho ubundi insinga zumurongo wumurongo wa reberi ntizemerewe gufata insinga zumuhondo nicyatsi.
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5. Birakenewe imiterere yoroshye kandi yoroheje.
6. Imiterere
1) Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi: intangiriro y'umuringa, imiterere yoroshye, ihindagurika n'imigozi myinshi imwe; Abayobora insinga zihindagurika mubisanzwe bifata icyiciro cya 5 cyangwa icyiciro cya 6 cyubuyobozi.
2) Gukingira: reberi isanzwe ya styrene butadiene, polyvinyl chloride cyangwa plastike yoroshye ya polyethylene ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo kubika.
3) Ikibanza cya kabili ni gito.
4) Igice cyo gukingira hanze gikozwe mu budodo bw'ipamba kugirango wirinde gushyuha no gutwika urwego.
5) Mu rwego rwo koroshya imikoreshereze no koroshya inzira yumusaruro, hashyizweho uburyo butatu bwibanze buringaniye, bushobora kubika amasaha yumusaruro no kuzamura umusaruro.
Ikingira amashanyarazi
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2. Kuberako yujuje ibyangombwa byibikoresho byo gukingira (imikorere yo kurwanya interineti), muri rusange birasabwa gukoreshwa mugihe cyo hagati yo hagati ya electromagnetic interineti; Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wa pulasitike ushyizwe mu butaka urashobora gushyingurwa mu butaka.
3. Igice cyo gukingira kigomba kuba gihuye neza nigikoresho gihuza cyangwa gishyizwe kumutwe umwe, kandi birasabwa ko urwego rwo gukingira rutagomba kurekurwa, kumeneka cyangwa gushushanya byoroshye nibintu byamahanga.
4. Imiterere
1) Gukoresha ingufu zingenzi: gusiga amabati biremewe mubihe bimwe;
2) Ubucucike bwubuso bwurwego rwikingira bugomba kuba bwujuje ubuziranenge cyangwa bujuje ibyo umukoresha asabwa; Igice cyo gukingira kigomba gukubitwa cyangwa gukomeretsa insinga z'umuringa zometse; Niba igishishwa cyakuweho kigomba kongerwaho hanze yingabo, ingabo yemerewe kuboha cyangwa gukomeretsa hamwe ninsinga zumuringa zoroshye.
3) Kugirango wirinde kwivanga kwimbere hagati ya cores cyangwa joriji, ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gukingira kuri buri cyiciro cya buri kintu (cyangwa byombi) birashobora kubyara.
Rubber rusange yashizemo umugozi w'amashanyarazi
1. Rusange rusange ya rubber yometse kumashanyarazi ifite imigozi myinshi. Irashobora gukoreshwa mubihe rusange byibikoresho byamashanyarazi bisaba guhuza mobile, harimo guhuza ibikoresho bigendanwa byamashanyarazi bikoreshwa mumashami atandukanye yinganda nubuhinzi.
2. Ukurikije ubunini bwambukiranya umugozi wamashanyarazi nubushobozi bwo gukurikira imbaraga zo hanze yimashini, irashobora kugabanywamo urumuri, ruciriritse nuburemere. Ubu bwoko butatu bwibicuruzwa bufite ibyifuzo byubworoherane no kugonda byoroshye, ariko ibisabwa kugirango byoroherezwe umugozi wamashanyarazi yoroheje ni muremure, kandi bigomba kuba byoroshye, bito mubunini kandi ntibishobora kwihanganira imbaraga zikomeye zo hanze; Urwego ruciriritse rwa rubber rufite imigozi ihindagurika kandi irashobora kwihanganira imbaraga zidasanzwe zo hanze; Umugozi w'amashanyarazi uremereye ufite imbaraga zo gukanika.
3. Urupapuro rwamashanyarazi rwa rubber rugomba kuba rukomeye, rukomeye kandi ruzengurutse. Imirongo y'amashanyarazi ya Yqw, YZW na YCW ikwiranye no gukoresha umurima (nk'itara rishakisha, umuhinzi w'amashanyarazi ukomoka ku buhinzi, n'ibindi) kandi igomba kuba ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya izuba.
4. Imiterere
1) Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi uyobora: Umuringa woroshye wumugozi wuzuye, kandi imiterere iroroshye. Gupfunyika impapuro biremewe hejuru yicyiciro kinini kugirango tunoze imikorere.
2) reberi isanzwe ya styrene butadiene ikoreshwa mugukingira, hamwe no gukora neza.
3) Rubber y'ibicuruzwa byo hanze ifata neoprene cyangwa ivangwa rya reberi ivanze ishingiye kuri neoprene.
Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro
. no gutwara, umugozi w'amashanyarazi kumatara ya cap, hamwe numuyoboro wamashanyarazi kugirango utange amashanyarazi munsi yubutaka.
2. Gukoresha ibidukikije byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro ya reberi biragoye cyane, ibidukikije bikora birakaze cyane, gaze hamwe n ivumbi ryamakara biraterana, byoroshye gutera ibisasu, bityo rero umutekano wumutekano wumurongo wa reberi ni mwinshi cyane.
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4. Imiterere
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2) Gukingira: reberi ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo kubika.
3) Ikibanza cya kabili ni gito.
4) Ibicuruzwa byinshi bifata ibyuma, umurima wamashanyarazi umwe kandi bigatezimbere ibyiyumvo byerekana imiterere.
5) Hariho icyatsi kibisi cyo hanze, kandi kuvura gutandukanya amabara bikorwa munsi yikirombe, kugirango abubatsi bashobore kumva urwego rutandukanye rwa voltage ikoreshwa numurongo w'amashanyarazi.
Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi
1.
Kiyobora igomba kuba yubatswe hamwe nuburyo bworoshye cyangwa insinga zoroshye cyane, intsinga y'insinga igomba guhindurwamo ibice bibiri hanyuma igatandukana mu ibara, ibikoresho bifite coefficente nkeya ya dielectric bizakoreshwa mugukingirwa, naho ibikoresho bya polyurethane bizakoreshwa mubyatsi.
2. Indege: itari magnetique, irwanya ubukana, diameter ntoya yo hanze nuburemere bworoshye.
Umuyobozi w'umuringa
3. Kubikoresha hanze: amajwi meza, kwihanganira amazi meza, kureremba kuremereye, birashobora kureremba mubwimbike runaka munsi yamazi, kandi bifite imbaraga zo guhangana nimpagarara, kunama no kwivanga.
Ibikoresho bidasanzwe byohereza amajwi, insinga zishimangiwe cyangwa intwaro ya furo y'imbere kugirango uhindure ibireremba.
Gucukura umugozi w'amashanyarazi
1. Umuzigo utwara reberi y'amashanyarazi: diameter yo hanze ni nto, mubisanzwe munsi ya 12mm; Uburebure ni burebure, kandi uburebure bumwe buri hejuru ya 3500m buratangwa; Kurwanya peteroli na gaze, kurwanya amazi ya 120MPa (inshuro 1200 z'umuvuduko w'ikirere); Kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi: hejuru ya 100 ℃; Kurwanya kwivanga no kurwanya impagarara: hejuru ya 44kn; Kwambara birwanya na hydrogène sulfide irwanya gaze; Iyo ibyuma byose byintwaro bimenetse, ntibishobora gutatana, bitabaye ibyo bizatera amariba yimyanda.
1) Umuyobora afite imiterere yoroshye kandi yubatswe; 2) Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burwanya polypropilene, reberi ya Ethylene propylene cyangwa fluoroplastique yo kubika; 3) Semi ikora ibikoresho byo gukingira; 4) Imbaraga nyinshi zitsindagiye ibyuma byintwaro; 5) Koresha tekinoroji idasanzwe yo gukora.
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1) Hagati yoroheje yoroheje kubayobora; 2) Polypropilene, etylene propylene reberi cyangwa ibindi bikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kugirango bikingire; 3) Ingano yuyobora, insulasiyo nintwaro nibyo.
3. Imiyoboro ya reberi kumurima wamakara, ubutare, ibyuma, geothermal, hydrologiya nubushakashatsi bwamazi.
1) Intwaro zishimangiwe nintwaro zimbere; 2) Kiyobora ni insinga yoroshye y'umuringa; 3) reberi isanzwe yo kubika; 4) Sheath neoprene rubber; 5) Ibyuma cyangwa ibyuma bitari ibyuma kubibazo bidasanzwe; 6) Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wa Coaxial ugomba gukoreshwa mu mugozi w'amashanyarazi; 7) Deteter yuzuye igomba kuba ifite imbaraga zimbaraga, itumanaho nibindi.
4. Umurongo wamashanyarazi ya pompe yamazi: diameter yinyuma yumuyoboro wamavuta ni nto, kandi ubunini bwinyuma bwumurongo wamashanyarazi busabwa kuba buto; Hamwe n'ubwiyongere bw'ubujyakuzimu n'imbaraga nyinshi, insulasiyo irasabwa kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, voltage nini nuburyo buhamye; Imikorere myiza y'amashanyarazi, imikorere myiza ya insulation hamwe numuyoboro muke; Ubuzima bwa serivisi ndende, imiterere ihamye no kongera gukoreshwa; Ibikoresho byiza bya mashini.
1) Ku miyoboro mito n'iciriritse ya peteroli, imirongo y'amashanyarazi iringaniye igomba gukoreshwa kugirango ibipimo bito muri rusange; Umuyoboro ukomeye ufite igice kinini cyambukiranya: umuyoboro uhagaze hamwe nu mugozi w'amashanyarazi; 2 .. Ethylene propylene hamwe na polyethylene ihuza ubushyuhe bwumuriro wumuriro w'amashanyarazi; 3) Amavuta arwanya neoprene, chlorosulfonated polyethylene hamwe nandi mavuta hamwe nibikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, icyuma cyangiza, nibindi byatsi; 4) Koresha ibirwanisho bifatanye; 5) Imiterere ya Halogen, hamwe na halogen-sheath yongeyeho intwaro yambaye ubusa.
Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi
1. Umugozi wamashanyarazi ugomba kumanikwa kubuntu kandi udafunguye mbere yo gukoreshwa. Intangiriro ishimangira umugozi wamashanyarazi igomba gukosorwa kandi ikagira impagarara icyarimwe;
2. Imirongo myinshi yamashanyarazi igomba gushyirwa kumurongo. Mugihe cyo gukora, umurongo w'amashanyarazi wa reberi uzamuka ukamanuka hamwe na lift, ikagenda kandi ikunama kenshi, bisaba ubworoherane no gukora neza;
3. Imirongo y'amashanyarazi ya reberi ishyizwe mu buryo buhagaritse, bisaba imbaraga zingana;
4. Niba hari amavuta yanduye mubikorwa bikora, birasabwa gukumira umuriro, kandi umugozi w'amashanyarazi urasabwa kudatinda gutwikwa;
5. Birakenewe diameter ntoya yo hanze n'uburemere bworoshye.
6. Imiterere
1. Iyo insinga ikozwe, irazunguruka mu cyerekezo kimwe kugirango yongere imikorere kandi yunamye y'umurongo w'amashanyarazi;
2. Intandaro ishimangira ikozwe mu mugozi wa nylon, umugozi wibyuma nibindi bikoresho kugirango byongere imbaraga zingutu zumugozi wamashanyarazi;
3) Umugozi w'amashanyarazi ya YTF ufata icyuma gikozwe cyane cyane muri neoprene kugirango irusheho guhangana nikirere no kutagira umuriro wumuriro wa rubber.
Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi kugirango ugenzure ibimenyetso
1. Kubera ko umugozi w'amashanyarazi ya signal yo kugenzura ikoreshwa mugucunga sisitemu yo gupima, birasabwa ko umugozi w'amashanyarazi ukora neza kandi wizewe;
2. Mubisanzwe birashyirwaho, ariko umurongo wamashanyarazi wahujwe nibikoresho
Irasabwa koroshya kandi irashobora kwihanganira kunama kwinshi ntavunika;
3. Umuvuduko wakazi ni 380V no munsi, na voltage yumurongo wumurongo wamashanyarazi uri hasi;
4. Umuyoboro wogukora wumurongo wamashanyarazi wumurongo uri munsi ya 4a. Iyo umurongo wa rebero wumurongo wumurongo ukoreshwa nkibikoresho nyamukuru bizunguruka, ikigezweho ni kinini, bityo igice gishobora gutoranywa ukurikije umurongo wa voltage ugabanuka hamwe nubukanishi.
5. Imiterere
1) Kiyobora ifata intoki z'umuringa, naho igenamigambi rihamye ryemera imiterere imwe, naho 7 bigoretse byongeweho hanze; Terefone igendanwa ikoresha icyiciro cya 5 cyoroshye cyuyobora kugirango ihuze no guhinduka; ) 3) Intangangabo y'insinga izengurutswe igomba kuba insinga zinyuranye kugirango imiterere irusheho kuba myiza; Kumashanyarazi ya reberi yumurongo, umugozi wa nylon ukoreshwa mukuzuza umugozi kugirango wongere ubushobozi bwikurikiranya, mugihe umugozi mubyerekezo kimwe ushobora kongera ubworoherane; 4) Icyatsi: PVC, neoprene na nitrile PVC ikoreshwa cyane.
DC yumuriro mwinshi wa rubber
1. muri rusange, imbaraga zubwoko bwibicuruzwa ni nini, bityo filament yumuyaga unyuze kumurongo wamashanyarazi nayo nini, kugeza kuri AMPS mirongo; Umuvuduko uri hagati ya 10kV kugeza 200kV;
2. Imirongo y'amashanyarazi ya reberi ahanini irakosowe kandi mubisanzwe ntabwo ihuye nabantu;
3. Umurongo w'amashanyarazi wa reberi ufite ingufu nini zo kohereza, bityo umutungo wubushyuhe wumurongo wamashanyarazi nubushuhe bwemewe bwumurongo wumurongo wamashanyarazi;
4
Igomba kwihanganira inshuro 2,5-4 za voltage, bityo imbaraga zamashanyarazi zihagije zigomba gutekerezwa;
5. Kubera ko ibikoresho byubwoko bwose bitigeze bishyirwa mubikorwa kandi bikurikiranwa, voltage yumurimo hagati ya filaments no hagati ya filament core na grid core yubwoko bumwe bwibikoresho biratandukanye, bityo bigomba gutoranywa ukundi.
6. Imiterere
1) Gukora insinga z'amashanyarazi: intangiriro yumugozi ni cores 3, kandi hariho na cores 4 cyangwa cores 5; ) Umuyoboro n'ingabo afite DC nini cyane; 3) Hariho uburyo bubiri bwumurongo wamashanyarazi 3-imwe: imwe isa na x reberi yumurongo wamashanyarazi, ifata ibyiciro bigabanijemo ibice hanyuma igapfundikanya byimazeyo igice cya kabiri cyayobora hamwe na voltage ndende; Ibindi ni ugufata igenzura nkumuyobozi mukuru, gukanda no gupfundika insulasiyo, kugoreka filaments zombi hamwe, hanyuma ukanyunyuza kandi ugapfundika igice cya kabiri cyayobora hamwe na voltage yumuriro mwinshi; Umuvuduko mwinshi wa voltage: imbaraga ntarengwa ya DC yumurima wa reberi karemano ya styrene butadiene ni 27KV / mm, naho iyitwa etylene propylene ni 35kV / mm; 4) Igice cyo gukingira hanze: 0.15-0.20mm insinga z'umuringa zometseho zikoreshwa mu kuboha, kandi ubucucike bwo kuboha ntiburi munsi ya 65%; Cyangwa uzengurutswe n'umukandara w'icyuma; 5) Urupapuro rusohorwa hamwe na PVC yoroshye cyangwa nitrile PVC.
Umugozi w'amashanyarazi
Kubintu bigoretse, abakoresha bahangayikishijwe cyane nibipimo byinshi kugirango baranga imikorere yacyo. Izi ngengabihe zirimo kwiyegereza, hafi yambukiranya impera, ibiranga impedance, gukwirakwiza ubushobozi, kurwanya DC, nibindi.
(1) Kubora
Attenuation ni igipimo cyo gutakaza ibimenyetso kumurongo. Kwiyegereza bifitanye isano n'uburebure bwa kabili. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwuburebure, ibimenyetso byiyongera nabyo biriyongera. Attenuation igaragarira muri "DB" nkikigereranyo cyimbaraga zerekana ibimenyetso biva kumasoko yohereza impera kugeza iherezo ryakira. Kubera ko attenuation itandukana ninshuro, attenuation igomba gupimwa kuri frequency zose murwego rwo gusaba.
(2) Hafi yinzira nyabagendwa
Crosstalk igabanijwemo hafi yumuhanda wanyuma no kurenga kure (FEXT). Ikizamini gipima cyane cyane ubutaha. Bitewe no gutakaza umurongo, ingaruka zagaciro ka FEXT ni nto. Hafi yimpera yanyuma (ibikurikira) igihombo gipima ibimenyetso guhuza kuva kumurongo umwe kumurongo kugeza kumurongo UTP. Kuri UTP ihuza, ibikurikira nurufunguzo rwimikorere, nabwo biragoye gupima neza. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwa signal inshuro, ingorane zo gupima ziziyongera. Ibikurikira ntabwo byerekana agaciro nyabagendwa kakozwe hafi yimpera yanyuma, byerekana gusa agaciro kambukiranya gupimirwa hafi yanyuma. Agaciro kazahinduka hamwe n'uburebure bwa kabili. Umwanya muremure, niko agaciro kaba. Muri icyo gihe, ibimenyetso ku ihererekanyabubasha nabyo bizahuzwa, kandi umuhanda unyuze ku yindi mirongo byombi uzaba muto. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ibikurikira byapimwe muri metero 40 aribyo byukuri. Niba iyindi mpera ari amakuru ya sock arenga 40m kure, bizatanga urwego runaka rwambukiranya umuhanda, ariko ikizamini ntigishobora gupima agaciro kambukiranya. Kubwibyo, nibyiza gufata ibipimo bikurikira kumpera zombi. Ikizamini gifite ibikoresho bijyanye, kugirango agaciro gakurikira kumpande zombi zishobora gupimwa kumpera imwe yumuhuza.
(3) Kurwanya DC
Tsb67 ntabwo ifite iyi parameter. Kurwanya DC loop itwara igice cyikimenyetso ikayihindura ubushyuhe. Bivuga igiteranyo cyo kurwanya insinga ebyiri. DC irwanya 11801 ihindagurika ntishobora kurenza 19.2 oms. Itandukaniro hagati ya buri jambo ntirigomba kuba rinini cyane (munsi ya 0.1 Ohm), naho ubundi ryerekana imikoranire mibi, kandi aho uhurira ugomba kugenzurwa.
(4) Inzitizi iranga
Bitandukanye na loop DC irwanya, ibiranga impedance ikubiyemo kurwanya, impedance inductive na capacitive impedance hamwe na frequence ya 1 ~ 100MHz. Bifitanye isano nintera iri hagati yinsinga nimikorere yamashanyarazi ya insulator. Intsinga zitandukanye zifite inzitizi zitandukanye ziranga inzitizi, mugihe insinga zombi zahinduwe zifite 100 oms, 120 oms na 150 oms.
(5) Ikigereranyo cyambukiranya imipaka (ACR)
Mubihe bimwe byinshyi, umubano ugereranije hagati yambukiranya umuhanda no kwiyegereza ni ikindi kintu cyingenzi kigaragaza imikorere ya kabili. ACR rimwe na rimwe igaragazwa nikimenyetso cyerekana-urusaku (SNR), ibarwa no gutandukanya itandukaniro ribi cyane nagaciro gakurikira. Agaciro nini ACR yerekana imbaraga zikomeye zo kurwanya-kwivanga. Sisitemu rusange isaba byibuze 10 dB.
(6) Ibiranga insinga
Ubwiza bwumuyoboro witumanaho busobanurwa nibiranga umugozi. SNR ni igipimo cyimbaraga zamakuru yamakuru mugihe usuzumye ibimenyetso byivanga. Niba SNR iri hasi cyane, uyakira ntabwo azashobora gutandukanya ibimenyetso byamakuru nibimenyetso byurusaku mugihe ibimenyetso byamakuru byakiriwe, bikavamo ikosa ryamakuru. Kubwibyo, kugirango ugabanye ikosa ryamakuru kurwego runaka, hagomba gusobanurwa byibuze SNR yemewe.
Uburyo bwo kumenya umurongo w'amashanyarazi
1 、 Reba icyemezo cyiza cyibikoresho byo murugo
Niba ubuziranenge bwibikoresho byo murugo bujuje ibisabwa, ubwiza bwumugozi wibikoresho byo murugo nabyo bigomba kugeragezwa, kandi ntakibazo kizabaho.
2 、 Reba igice cyinsinga
Igice cyambukiranya insinga hamwe nubuso bwumuringa wumuringa cyangwa aluminiyumu yibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa bigomba kuba bifite urumuri rwinshi. Umuringa wumukara cyangwa aluminiyumu yera hejuru yerekana ko yahinduwe okiside kandi nigicuruzwa kitujuje ibyangombwa.
3 Reba isura y'umugozi w'amashanyarazi
Igice cya insulasiyo (sheath) cyibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa biroroshye, birakomeye kandi byoroshye, kandi hejuru yubuso burahuzagurika, bworoshye, butagira ubukana, kandi bufite ububengerane bwuzuye Ubuso bwurwego rwimyenda (sheath) bugomba kugira ibimenyetso byeruye kandi bishushanya. Kubicuruzwa byakozwe nibikoresho bitemewe, urwego rukingira rwumva mucyo, ruvunitse kandi rudahinduka.
4 、 Reba intandaro y'umugozi w'amashanyarazi
Umuyoboro winsinga ukomoka mubikoresho fatizo bikozwe mu muringa kandi bigashushanywa cyane, gushushanya no guhambira bigomba kuba bifite ubuso bworoshye, bworoshye, nta burr, buringaniye buringaniye, bworoshye, buhindagurika kandi ntibyoroshye kuvunika.
5 、 Reba uburebure bw'umugozi w'amashanyarazi
Uburebure bwumugozi usabwa nibikoresho byamashanyarazi bitandukanye. Abafite imitako bari bazi neza uburebure bwumugozi wujuje ibyangombwa mbere yo kugura, kugirango babashe kumenya neza mugihe baguze ibikoresho byamashanyarazi.
Kugirango hamenyekane imikoreshereze isanzwe n’umutekano w’ibikoresho byo mu rugo, abafite imitako bagomba kwitondera guhitamo insinga z'amashanyarazi no kugenzura neza ubuziranenge bwayo mugihe baguze ibikoresho byo munzu. Niba ubwiza bw'umugozi w'amashanyarazi butujuje ibyangombwa, nibyiza kutagura ibikoresho byo murugo, kugirango bitazana ibibazo kuri bo.
Ubwoko bw'amashanyarazi
Hariho ubwoko bune bwamacomeka akoreshwa
1 plug Amacomeka yuburayi
Pl Gucomeka kwi Burayi: bizwi kandi nk'igifaransa gisanzwe, kizwi kandi nk'icyuma
Amacomeka afite uyatanga hamwe nibisobanuro hamwe nicyitegererezo cyabatanga, nka ke-006 yx-002, hamwe nicyemezo cyibihugu bitandukanye: (d (Danemarke); N (Noruveje); S (Suwede); VDE (Ubudage) Fi (Finlande) IMQ (Ubutaliyani);
Umugereka: n / 1225
Code Kode iranga umurongo w'amashanyarazi: h05vv □ □ f 3G 0,75mm2:
H: Kuranga Mm2
05: yerekana imbaraga zo kwihanganira imbaraga z'umurongo w'amashanyarazi (03 ∶ 300V 05 ∶ 500V)
VV. Kurugero, VV ihagarariwe na RR nkurwego rwa rubber, urugero, VV ihagarariwe na n nka neoprene;
□□: imbere "□" ifite code idasanzwe, naho inyuma "□" yerekana umurongo uringaniye. Kurugero, kongeramo H2 byerekana umurongo ibiri-yibanze;
F: Yerekana ko umurongo ari umurongo woroshye
3: Yerekana umubare wimikorere yimbere
G: Yerekana ishingiro
0,75ma: yerekana agace kambukiranya umurongo w'amashanyarazi
V PVC: ibikoresho bivuga ibikoresho byo murwego rwo gushimangira. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burwanya munsi ya 80 ℃, kandi PVC yoroshye ifite ubukana bwa 78 ° 55 °. Umubare munini, niko ubukana burwanya ubukana, niko ubushyuhe buri hejuru. Umugozi wa reberi ufite ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ushobora kwihanganira munsi ya 200 ℃. Ubukonje bumwe bworoshye (PVC) insinga yoroshye irakoreshwa.
2 insert Icyongereza
Pl Gucomeka kwabongereza: 240V 50Hz, kwihanganira voltage 3750V 3S 0.5mA, fuse (3a 5A 10A 13a) mm (ecran ya silike BS1362);
Wire Umugozi wimbere wicyuma (fungura icyuma cya BS hanyuma urebe nawe ubwawe. Uruhande rwiburyo ni L wire (umuriro) fuse. Uburebure bwinsinga zubutaka bugomba kuba burenze inshuro 3 z'uburebure bwa (wire yumuriro na zeru zero ).
Identification Kumenyekanisha umugozi w'amashanyarazi ni kimwe n'uwacometse mu Burayi.
3 plug Amacomeka y'Abanyamerika
Pl Amacomeka y'Abanyamerika: 120V 50 / 60Hz agabanijwemo insinga ebyiri zingenzi, insinga eshatu zingenzi, polarite na polarite. Umuringa wumuringa wamashanyarazi muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika ugomba kuba ufite ibyuma byanyuma;
Umurongo wacapishijwe ninsinga ebyiri yibanze werekana insinga nzima; Umugozi uhuza hamwe na polarite nini ya pin ni insinga zeru, naho insinga ihuza na pin ntoya ni insinga nzima (ubuso bwa convex na convex yumurongo wumuriro ni zeru, naho uruziga ruzengurutse umurongo ni insinga nzima);
② Hariho uburyo bubiri bwinsinga: nispt-2 inshuro ebyiri, XTV na SPT insulation imwe
Nispt-2: nispt bivuga ibyerekezo bibiri, - 2 hejuru yibice bibiri byibanze hamwe nizindi;
X.
Spt-3: insulire imwe-imwe hamwe ninsinga zubutaka, - 3 bivuga insinga eshatu zingenzi (umubiri winsinga hamwe na groove, insinga zubutaka hagati ni insulasi ebyiri);
SPT na nispt ntibiri kumurongo, kandi SVT ni insinga izengurutswe hamwe na kabiri. Kwikingira kwinshi no kubika hanze
Pl Amacomeka yabanyamerika muri rusange akoresha nimero yicyemezo, kandi nta shusho ya UL iri kumurongo. Kurugero, e233157 na e236618 byacapishijwe kurupapuro rwinyuma rwumugozi.
Cable Umugozi wamashanyarazi wabanyamerika uratandukanye nu mugozi wiburayi ucomeka:
Interpolation yu Burayi ihagarariwe na "H";
Imirongo ingahe ikoreshwa mumabwiriza yabanyamerika? Kurugero: 2 × 1.31mm2 （16AWG） 、 2 × 0.824mm2 (18awg): VW-1 (cyangwa HPN) 60 ℃ (cyangwa 105 ℃) 300vmm2;
1.31 cyangwa 0.824 mm2: agace kambukiranya igice cyinsinga;
16awg: bivuga agace kambukiranya ibice byinsinga zipfa, bingana na mm2;
VW-1 cyangwa HPN: VW-1 ni PVC, mm2 ni neoprene;
60 ℃ cyangwa 150 ℃ ni ubushyuhe bwo kurwanya umurongo w'amashanyarazi;
300V: kwihanganira imbaraga za voltage z'umurongo w'amashanyarazi ziratandukanye n'iz'amategeko agenga Uburayi (code yu Burayi ihagarariwe na 03 cyangwa 05).
4 plug Gucomeka kw'Abayapani: PSE, indege
VFF 2 * 0,75mm2 -F-
FF VFF: V yerekana ko ibikoresho by'insinga ari PVC; FF ni urwego rumwe rukingira hamwe na groove wire umubiri;
② Vctfk: VC ibikoresho by'insinga zo hejuru: PVC; Tfk ni insinga ebyiri zo kubika insinga kubogama, insulasiyo yo hanze hamwe nicyuma cyumuringa;
VCTF: VC yerekana ko ibikoresho by'insinga ari PVC; TF ni insinga ebyiri-izengurutse insinga;
④ Hariho ubwoko bubiri bw'imirongo y'amashanyarazi: imwe ni 3 × 0,75mm2, 2 kubindi × 0,75mm2。
bitatu × 0,75mm2: 3 bivuga insinga eshatu zingenzi; 0,75mm2 bivuga agace kambukiranya ibice by'insinga;
F: ibikoresho byoroshye;
⑥ Abayapani bacomeka ibyuma bitatu byingenzi byacometse gusa mm2 wire ifunze neza kuri sock (imikorere myiza yumutekano kandi byoroshye).
5 current Umuyoboro wagenwe wibikoresho uhuye nigice cyambukiranya igice cyinsinga yoroshye yakoreshejwe:
① Kubikoresho birenga 0.2 kandi bitarenze cyangwa bingana na 3a, igice cyambukiranya insinga zoroshye kizaba 0.5 na 0,75mm2
② Kubikoresho birenga 3a kandi bitarenze cyangwa bingana na 6a, agace kambukiranya umugozi woroshye kagomba kuba 0,75 na 1.0mm2
Area Agace kambukiranya umugozi woroshye ushyirwa mubikoresho bifite diameter irenga 6a kandi munsi cyangwa ihwanye na 10A: 1.0 na 1.5mm2
Area Igice cyambukiranya igice cyumugozi woroshye urenze 10a kandi munsi cyangwa ihwanye na mm2: 1.5 na 2.5mm2
⑤ Kubikoresho birenze 16a kandi bitarenze cyangwa bingana na 25A, agace kambukiranya umugozi woroshye kagomba kuba 2.5 na 4.0mm2
⑥ Kubikoresho birenga 25a na munsi ya 32a, agace kambukiranya umugozi woroshye ugomba kuba 4.0 na 6.0mm2
Area Agace ka Mm2 karenze 32a kandi kari munsi cyangwa kangana na 40A: 6.0 na 10.0mm2
⑧ Kubikoresho birenze 40A kandi bitarenze cyangwa bingana na 63A, agace kambukiranya umugozi woroshye kagomba kuba 10.0 na 16.0mm2
6 、 Ubunini bw'umugozi w'amashanyarazi bukoreshwa mubikoresho bifite uburemere burenze kg
Umugozi w'amashanyarazi H03 uzakoreshwa mubikoresho by'amashanyarazi (ibikoresho) munsi ya 3kg;
Icyitonderwa: umugozi woroshye (f) ntushobora guhura nibikoresho bikarishye cyangwa bikarishye. Umuyoboro wumugozi woroshye (f) ntushobora gushimangirwa na (kurongora, amabati) gusudira aho bihurira cyangwa igitutu cyo guhuza. "Byoroshye kugwa" bigomba kunyura kuri 40-60n kandi ntibishobora kugwa.
7 test Ikigereranyo cyo kuzamuka kwubushyuhe hamwe nubushakashatsi bwimbaraga zumurongo wumurongo
Wire Umugozi wa polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ninsinga za reberi: ziteranijwe ku bicuruzwa by’amashanyarazi, gutandukanya umurongo w’amashanyarazi yo gufungura ubushyuhe ntibishobora kurenga 50K (75 ℃);
Test Ikizamini cyo guhindagura amashanyarazi:
Ubwoko bwa mbere: kumuyobora uzunama mugihe gikora gisanzwe, ongeramo 2kg umutwaro kumurongo wamashanyarazi hanyuma uzunguze inshuro 20000 uhagaritse (45 ° kumpande zombi zumurongo). Umurongo wumurongo wumuriro nugucomeka bigomba gufungurwa nta bidasanzwe (inshuro: inshuro 60 muminota 1);
Ubwoko bwa kabiri: shyira 2kg umutwaro 180 ° kumurongo wamashanyarazi inshuro 200 kubayobora bunamye mugihe cyo kubungabunga umukoresha (umuyobozi utazunama mugihe gisanzwe), kandi ntakidasanzwe (inshuro ni inshuro 6 muri 1 umunota).
Ibipimo bya tekinike yumurongo wamashanyarazi
tekiniki ya tekiniki
Guhitamo umugozi w'amashanyarazi bikorwa ukurikije amahame amwe. Ibyo bita "ntibishobora kunanirwa gukora igice". Ibitekerezo ntabwo byahimbwe n'umwuka muto, kandi n'umugozi w'amashanyarazi. Ubwiza, isura nibindi bisabwa nabyo bishyirwa mubikorwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa nu mugozi w'amashanyarazi. Amahame yo gukora umugozi w'amashanyarazi ni aya akurikira:
(1) Ukurikije code ya tekiniki yo gushushanya amashanyarazi (sdj161-85) yatanzwe na Minisiteri
Ukurikije ibisabwa byo gutoranya amashanyarazi yo gutoranya igice, igice cyuyobora umurongo wumurongo wa DC cyatoranijwe;
(2) Kode ya tekiniki yo gushushanya imirongo yohereza hejuru ya 110 ~ 500kV (DL / t5092-1999);
(3) Amabwiriza ya tekinike yumurongo mwinshi wa DC hejuru yumurongo wohereza (dl436-2005).
Ibisobanuro bya wire na kabili ibisobanuro na moderi
RV: umuringa wintoki vinyl chloride ikinguye ihuza umugozi (wire).
AVR: amabuye y'agaciro y'umuringa polyethylene yometse kumurongo uhuza byoroshye (wire).
RVB: umuringa wumuringa PVC uhuza insinga.
RVs: intoki z'umuringa PVC zahagaritse insinga.
RVV: umuringa wumuringa PVC ukinguye PVC uruziga ruhuza umugozi woroshye.
Arvv.
Rvvb: umuringa wumuringa PVC ukinguye PVC washyizeho umurongo uhuza umugozi woroshye.
RV - 105: umuringa wumuringa urwanya 105. C PVC irinda PVC iringaniza ihuza umugozi woroshye.
AF - 205afs - 250afp - 250: Ifumbire yuzuye ya polyvinyl chloride fluoroplastique, irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi - 60. C ~ 250。 C ihuza umugozi woroshye.
